Market Leadership Changes
International & Domestic Leadership 1996-2010
We looked back at how the ranks follow market
leadership, as seen in the market’s shift from U.S.
large cap stock leadership in the late 1990s to
international stocks in the 2000s.
The chart, below, shows the returns of the S&P 500
Index, a measure of large-cap domestic stocks, the
Europe Australasia and Far East (EAFE) Index,
an index of international stocks from 12/31/1996-
7/31/2010.
For these years, the two indexes produced nearly
the same total return – but they got there in different
ways.
Each had distinct periods of outperformance
within this time frame: for the first several years,
the EAFE index performed much worse than the
S&P 500 index, and from 2002 through 2007, the
EAFE far outpaced the S&P 500.

Upgrading Tracks Changing Markets
NoLoad FundX Ranks Follow Market Leaders
Relative Strength Shows Market Trends
Changes in market leadership are difficult to see,
except in hindsight. One way to identify leadership
changes graphically is by measuring relative
strength, shown below.
Relative strength is a calculation based on the
ratio between the daily percent return of one
index or security vs. that of another. In this case,
we show the EAFE versus the S&P 500 index.
When the relative strength line turns up, the first
index (EAFE) is outperforming the second (S&P
500). If the line moves down, the first index is
under-performing the second. When the line is
flat or horizontal, the two indexes are performing
exactly the same.
In the chart below, EAFE is underperforming
when the line slopes down (as in the late 1990s),
and is beating the S&P 500 index when the line
slopes up (as in the 2000s).
NoLoad FundX Ranks Follow Market Trends
The bars represent the percentage of the top
ranked funds in NoLoad FundX’s Class 3 category
that were foreign funds. You can see that the ranks
led us to international funds when international
stocks were outperforming, and to domestic
funds when domestic stocks led.
When the S&P 500 outperformed in the late 1990s
(black line sloping down), there were few, if any,
international or global funds highly ranked. But
as the EAFE outpaced the S&P 500 (when the yellow
relative strength line is heading up) starting
in 2002, the number of top ranked foreign funds
increased – eventually reaching as high as 100% of
the group by mid-2006.
We don’t have to know in advance which way the
market is heading: the FundX ranks will lead us
to the right mix of funds to successfully navigate
ever-changing markets.

Upgrading Outperforms
NoLoad FundX vs. S&P 500 & EAFE
Following Market Trends is Profitable
By following market trends and investing domestically
when U.S. funds were doing well, and investing
in international funds when foreign funds were
in favor, NoLoad FundX outperformed both the
EAFE and S&P 500 index. The chart below shows
the results of following the Upgrading strategy during
this period.
Upgrading produced nearly twice the return of
buying and holding the two indexes. Note that the
Upgrading portfolio produced these higher returns
despite underperforming the S&P 500 index for
much of the late 1990s and underperforming
EAFE for much of the past few years.
Market changes are only clear in hindsight, of
course. In real-time, market leadership may not
be evident. In July 2005, for example, we couldn’t
have known that international funds would soon
come to dominate the top ranks.
But we hope this example of how the system
tracks and exploits changing markets gives you
the conviction to participate in Upgrading’s longterm
success.
